The role of the vagus nerve in regulating inflammation and its broader implications for immunity and metabolism have been analyzed by Valentin A. Pavlov and Kevin J. Tracey in the article, “The vagus nerve and the inflammatory reflex—linking immunity and metabolism.” The two scientists describe the inflammatory reflex as a neural circuit where the vagus […]
The connection between our gut microbiome and mental health is a reality. Depressive disorder (like major depression), generalized anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, and eating disorders (such as anorexia nervosa or bulimia) are all linked to the gut microbiome—the trillions of bacteria and other microbes living in our intestines. These connections happen mainly through the gut-brain […]
Positive social relationships and connections have been linked to improved microbiome health, particularly in the gut, through increased microbial diversity, richness, and the presence of beneficial bacteria. Studies show that individuals with stronger social ties tend to have more diverse and similar microbiomes to those in their networks, which is associated with better overall health […]
Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene expression and function that do not involve alterations to the underlying DNA sequence. These changes influence how genes are turned on or off, affecting cellular processes without modifying the genetic code itself. Epigenetics acts like a regulatory layer, modulating how genetic information is expressed in response […]
The immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, organs, and molecules that work together to protect the body from harmful pathogens (e.g., bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites) and abnormal cells (e.g., cancer cells). It also maintains tissue homeostasis and responds to internal and external threats. Below is a detailed explanation of the immune system, […]
Metabolism is the collective set of biochemical processes that occur within living organisms to sustain life. It encompasses all chemical reactions involved in converting food and other substances into energy, building blocks for growth, repair, and maintenance, and waste products for excretion. Below is a detailed explanation of metabolism, covering its components, pathways, regulation, and […]
The relationship between the immune system, metabolism, and genetics/epigenetics forms a dynamic, interconnected triangle that significantly influences health. Each component interacts with and influences the others, creating a complex system that shapes our susceptibility to disease, our response to environmental factors, and our overall well-being. 1. Immune System and Metabolism – their relationships and impact […]
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common condition where excess fat builds up in the liver, often linked to obesity, diabetes, and metabolic issues. While lifestyle changes like diet and exercise are the primary management strategies, some natural plant-based treatments have shown promise in clinical studies for reducing liver fat, inflammation, and related markers. […]
Gut microbiome testing can provide insights into the composition and diversity of microorganisms in our gastrointestinal tract. This may be particularly relevant in people with Candida overgrowth, leaky gut, acid reflux (GERD), long-term PPI use (Prilosec), and a history of corticosteroids, antibiotics, and thyroid medication (Synthroid). Let us address the role of gut microbiome testing […]
What is the molecular composition of LDL LDL is a spherical particle with a hydrophobic core and a hydrophilic surface, enabling it to carry water-insoluble lipids in the blood. Its key molecular components are: Lipids: Cholesterol (Free and Esterified): The core contains cholesteryl esters (cholesterol bound to fatty acids), making up ~40-50% of LDL’s mass, […]